基于WIN-YIELD软件的黄土丘陵区作物产量地形分异模拟

Topographic differentiation simulation of crop yield based on WIN-YIELD software in the loess hilly-gully region

退耕还林是目前黄土丘陵区整治生态环境和控制水土流失的主体政策。为提高退耕政策贯彻落实的科学性,该文基于WIN-YIELD软件,利用2002年延安气象站的逐日气象数据和燕沟流域地貌、土壤及土地利用等资料,通过对玉米、马铃薯、高粱、大豆和豌豆等作物产量随地形高程、坡度和坡向变化的模拟,以揭示作物产量与地形条件的关系。研究发现:地形坡度对作物的产量有着重要影响,地形坡度越大,作物的产量越低;地形高程除对马铃薯有一定影响外,对其它作物产量的影响不大;地形坡向对不同作物产量的影响普遍较微弱。

Returning farmland to forest is the principal policy presently for improving eco-environment and controlling soil and water losses in the loess hilly-gully region. In order to provide the foundation for the policies to be usefully put in practice, the quantitative relationship between crop yield and topographic conditions was analyzed according to WIN-YIELD software, the meteorologic data of Yan＇an weather station in 2002 and the physiognorny, soil, land use in Yangou Basin. The changes of crop yields such as corn,potato, broomcorn, soja and pea with terrain altitude, topographic slope and slope aspect were simulated. The results show that topographic slope gradient has an important influence on crop yield. The bigger the slope gradient, the lower the crop yield. And the impact of terrain altitude on crop yield was slight except for the yield of potatoes, the impacts of slope aspect was slight.