老年人超重和肥胖与慢性病的相关性调查及健康教育

Relationship Investigation Between Over Weight and Chronic Diseases in the Elders and Health Education

目的 对驻京部队离退休老年人超重和肥胖状况及其与慢性病的相关性进行调查,旨在 为以后的健康教育对策提供依据。方法 对134个驻京部队干休所或部队大院的1513例老年人进行 全面查体,测量体重指数,调查常见慢性疾病。结果 该群体超重和肥胖率分别为48.9%和12.8%,仅 有36.5%的人体重正常。慢性病顺位统计前10位疾病是:前列腺肥大、高脂血症、白内障、高血压病、 脂肪肝、冠心病、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、高尿酸血症和脑血管病。超重和肥胖者高血压病、冠心病、糖 尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症和脂肪肝的发病率明显高于正常体重者(P<0.05)。结论 驻京部队离 退休老年人超重和肥胖情况严重,并且与多种慢性病的发病有明显关系,防治肥胖应是老年健康教育的 工作重点。

Objective To understand the relationship between the chronic diseases and BMI in elder people, and provide gist for the health education measures. Methods Medical examinations were done in 1513 retiring old people in the army living in Beijing, who were from 134 units. The BMI was measured, and the normal chronic diseases were investigated. Results The proportions of over weight and obesity were 48.9% and 12.8% respectively. Only 36.5% of people had normal weight. In overweight and obesity group, the prevalence rates of hypertension, coronary heart disease （CHD）, diabetes mellitus （DM）, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and steato-hepatitis are significantly higher than that in normal BMI group. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed the prevalence rates of diseases such as CHD, hypertension, and steato- hepatitis were correlated with BMI respectively （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions The prevalence rate of the overweight and obesity is much higher in Beijing, and the prevalence rates of CHD, hypertension, and steato- hepatitis were correlated with BMI respectively. Over weight and obesity are major risk factors for several chronic diseases. Treatment and prevention of obesity of old people is important.