摘要
杜鲁门政府未能承认新中国的根本原因并非是国会和舆论的压力,而在于那个时期由反共主义和中美关系神话构成的独特的对华意识形态。正是这一意识形态使杜鲁门政府无论在信仰上还是在情感上都无法接受新中国,对新中国表现出异乎寻常的愤怒和远远超出其他国家的敌意。艾奇逊在这种意识形态的影响下,根本没有考虑承认新中国,他并非过去学者所认为的灵活的现实主义者,所谓的“失去的机会”说是建立在错误的前提和错误的逻辑之上的。
Research into America＇s China policy from 1949 to the eve of the Korean War may be one of the most fruitful fields of study in America-China relations, but it is also one characterized by major differences of opinion. Most scholars believe that the American administrative authorities, represented by Harry Truman and Dean Acheson, were keen to establish normal diplomatic relations with New China in order to prevent the CPC from completely leaning toward the Soviet Union,but the pro-Jiang forces in the Congress,the fact that American public opinion was against recognition, and deliberately provocative acts by the CPC made it impossible for the Truman Administration to do so.
