基于小波分析的机车走行部故障诊断方法

Fault Diagnosis Method for Locomotive Bogies Based on Wavelet Analysis

基于小波变换原理,对机车车辆走行部的振动信号进行时频分析。根据走行部故障振动信号的特点,选用调制高斯函数作为分析小波,处理由损伤冲击造成的信号突变。试验表明,该方法对铁路机车高噪声背景下瞬变信号的描述比以往的时域、频域信号处理技术更为精确,对由单个或多个轴承局部损伤引起的振动信号突变十分敏感,是进行机车走行部故障诊断的一种有效方法。

In this paper, the vibration signals of locomotive bogies are analyzed in terms of time and frequency domains respectively, based on wavelet transformation principles. The modulate Gauss function is selected as the analysis wavelet to deal with the fault signal saltation caused by the damage concussion, according to the characteristics of fault vibration signals. Experimental results show that this fault diagnosis method is more explicit to the description of transient signals under high noisy conditions for railway locomotives than time/frequency domain signal processing techniques presented ever before, and is more sensitive to the saltation of vibration signals caused by one or more bear＇s local damages. It is an effective measure to fault diagnosis of locomotive bogie.