从创作动机看文学的层次性特征

On the literary hierarchy from the motives behind writing

创作动机就是驱使作家投入文学创造活动的一股内在动力,它产生于作家某种强烈的内在需求。人的本性决定人的需求,人的本性的层次性决定人的需求的层次性;创作动机产生于作家的需求,作家需求的层次性决定创作动机的层次性;文学创作来源于创作动机,创作动机的层次性也就决定文学的层次性。人首先是一种生物性的物质性存在,同时也是一种超生物性的精神性存在。人的需求中物质需求是基本层次,精神需求位居其上。精神需求由低到高又分现实精神层需求和理想精神层需求。文学由低到高也相应具有现实物质层、现实精神层、理想精神层三个层次。

The motive of literary creation stems from the creator＇s impetus. The needs of human being include both material needs and moral needs. The human nature decides its needs, and the needs decide its creation motives, and the creation motives decide the literary hierarchy. Literature thus ranges from the realistic material tier, the realistic moral tier and the idealistic moral tier.