不同强度运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌谷胱甘肽抗氧化系统的影响

Effect of exercise training of different intensity on glutathione anti-oxidant system in the skeletal muscles of rats

目的:观察不同强度的运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌谷胱甘肽抗氧化系统的影响,评估其抗氧化能力的适应性变化。方法:实验于2003-04/06在曲阜师范大学体育科学院生理实验室完成。选wistar大鼠64只,随机分为4组:对照组、小强度训练组、中强度训练组、大强度训练组,每组16只。各组大鼠适应性饲养1周后,小、中及大强度训练组进行8周的跑台训练,小强度训练组跑速15m/min,训练时间40～60min,中强度训练组跑速20～25m/min,训练时间30～40min,大强度训练组跑速30～35m/min,训练时间20～30min,对照组不进行跑台训练,观察了3种不同强度的运动训练对安静及力竭状态下大鼠骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽转移酶活性(抗氧化系统)的影响。结果:实验动物64只,在饲养过程中死亡2只,在进行跑台训练时受伤4只,在游泳过程中死亡2只,实测数量为56只。①大鼠骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽含量:在安静状态下,小强度及中强度训练组明显高于对照组犤(0.0439±0.0079),(0.0406±0.0061),(0.0316±0.0053)nmol/g,P<0.05犦。大强度训练组极明显高于对照组犤(0.0514±0.0083),(0.0316±0.0053)nmol/g,P<0.001犦。力竭运动后,小、中及大强度训练组3组明显高于对照组犤(0.0377±0.0074),(0.0329±0.0040),(0.0441±0.0063),(0.0257±0.0036)nmol/g,P<0.05犦。②大鼠骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性:在安静状态下,小、中及大强度训练3组明显高于对照组犤(0.973±0.158),(0.965±0.148),(1.651±0.228),(0.593±0.113)nkat/g,P<0.001犦。③大鼠骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽转移酶活性:在安静状态下,大强度训练组明显高于对照组犤(0.868±0.141),(0.705±0.138)nkat/g,P<0.05犦。力竭运动后,大强度训练组明显高于对照组犤(0.743±0.108),(0.628±0.101)nkat/g,P<0.05犦。结论:3种不同强度的运动训练都能提高大鼠安静状态下骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性,抑制因力竭运动导致的机体谷胱甘肽含量的下降。大强度运动训练效果强于中小强度运动训练,中小强度运动训练对提高谷胱甘肽转移酶活性活性效果不明显,大强度运动训练效果较明显。

AIM：To observe the effect of exercise training of different intensity on glutathione anti-oxidant system in the skeletal muscles of rats,and assess its adaptive changes of anti-oxidant ability.METHODS：The experiment was carried out in the physiological laboratory of College of Physical Education Sciences,Qufu Normal University between April to June 2003.Sixty-four Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups with 16 rats in the each group：normal group,small,middle and large intensity training groups.After adaptability feed of .all the rats for 1 week,those in the 3 training groups received 8-week treadmill training：In the small,middle and large intensity training groups,the running speed was 15,20 to 25,30 to 35 m per minute respectively,and the training duration was 40 to 60,30 to 40,20 to 30 minutes respectively;No training was given to rats in the control group.The influences of exercise training of 3 different intenties on the content of glutathione,activity of glutathione peroxidase,and the activity of glutathione transferase （antl-oxidant system） in the skeletal muscle of rats at rest and exhaustion were observed.RESULTS：Among the 64 rats,2 died during feed, 4 injured during the treadmill training,and 2 died during swimming.and 56 rats were involved finally. ①The content of glutathione in the skeletal muscle of rats：At rest,it was obviously higher in the small and middle intensity training groups than in the control group [（0.043 9±0.007 9）,（0.040 ±0.006 1）,（0.031 6±0.005 3） nmol/g,P 〈 0.05];h was extremely higher in the large intensity training group than in the control group [（0.051 4±0.0083）,（0.031 6±0.005 3） nmol/g,P 〈 0.001];After exhaustion,it was obviously higher in the small,middle and large intensity training groups than in the control group[（0.037 7±0.007 4）,（0.032 9±0.004 0）,（0.044 1±0.006 3）,（0.025 7±0.003 6） nmol/g,P 〈 0.05].② The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the skeletal music of rats：At rest,it was obviously higher in the small,middle and large intensity training groups than in the control group[（0.973±0.158）,（0.965±0.148）,（ 1.651±0.228）,（0.593±0.113） nkat/g,P 〈 0.001].③The activity of glutathione transferase in the skeletal muscle of rats：At rest,lt was markedly hi^aer in the large intensity training group than in the control group[（0.868±0.141）,（0.705±0.138） nkat/g,P〈 0.05];After exhaustion,it was markedly higher in the large intensity training group than in the eontrol group[（0.743±0.108）,（0.628±0.101） nkat/g,P 〈 0.05].CONCLUSION：The exercise training of 3 different intensities can increase the content of glutathione and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the skeletal muscle of rats at rest,and inhihit the decrease of the content of glutathione caused hy exhausted exercise.The effect of large intensity exereise training in better than the middle and small ones,the effect of middle and small intensity exereise training in improving the activity of glutathione transferuse is not obvious,and that of large one is more obvious.