陇西南塬区农业生产系统结构与效益研究

Investigation on Structure and Benefit ofAgricultural System on the plateau of southwestern Gansu

本研究通过对陇西南塬区农业生产系统的结构分析，确认该系统的特征为产业结构不合理（以种植业为主），种植业以粮食生产为主，复种指数低（１１１％）；养殖业中草食家畜比例低，饲养技术落后，良种率低；林果业效益低下；人口密度高，劳动力过剩，生产能源短缺等。通过系统分析提出了调控方针，该系统整体效益提高的关键是发展以草食家畜为核心的养殖业，种植业应及时调整结构，提高经济作物和饲料作物的比例，提高复种指数，林果业应加强管理体系建设，加强以沼气为核心的生活能源建设等。以此为基础，进行系统调控，调整了该生产系统中种、养、林果、工各业的产值结构、种植结构和畜种结构，确立了“种－养型”、“养－种型”和“综合型”三种生产类型，并结合调控措施推广多种科学实用技术，取得了显著的效益。

On the basis of analyses on the structure of agicultural system on theplateau of southwestern Gansu,we raised a plan to adjust the system,i.e. developinglivestocks focusing on herbivores(such as sheep and cattle ),improving planting struc-ture,enhancing livehood energy sets majored in gas;production,etc。According to thebluepoint.we took some steps to develop the system,those are followed as,improvingthe distribution of planting.livestock. horticulture and manufacturing among the sys-tem;optimizing planting structure and Livestock population;evermore we optimized and spread three production models:1)planting followed by livestock,2)livestock followed by planting.3)comprehensive production.By the end of the project.some signficantbenefit had been gained .as resulting from all those steps .