地理信息系统在血吸虫病防治信息管理中的应用<英文>

Geographic information systems (GIS) in the application of data management for schistosomiasis control

目的应用地理信息系统探索安徽省钉螺和急性血吸虫病的时空分布和变化趋势。方法收集安徽省1980—2000年钉螺分布和急性血吸虫病发病资料,将1:1000000的数字化电子地图作为图形文件输入ArcView 3.3。在ArcView 3.3系统建立GIS数据库并进行相关分析。结果钉螺多分布于长江两岸地区,血吸虫病流行最严重的地区,也集中于长江流域,钉螺扩散主要见于未控制地区以及与未控制地区接壤的已控制地区。1989、1990、1991是急性血吸虫病爆发最严重的3年,当涂、东至、宿松是急性血吸虫病发生最严重的3个县,大多数急性血吸虫病病例分布于长江流域。结论地理信息系统可用于数据库和图形管理的工具,能够更加直接和清晰地揭示血吸虫病疫情现状,有助于管理者制定最合理的血吸虫病控制策略。

Objective To explore the time and spatial distribution and fluctuation of snail and acute schistosomiasis in Anhui province using geographic information systems （GIS）. Methods The data of snail distribution and acute schistosomiasis were collected from 1980 to 2000 in Anhui province. All GIS database were developed using ArcView 3.3. Digit map at a 1：1 000000 scale was input into Arc view3.3 as a shape file. Resuits Snail distributed mostly in the counties which situated in both sides of the Yangtze River. The most serious areas were focused on the Yangtze River basin. The distribution of snail dispersed in the uncontrolled counties and some controlled counties adjacent to the uncontrolled counties. Three years,1989, 1990, and 1991, were the serious outbreak years for acute schistosomiasis in the twenty years, and three counties, Dangtu, Dongzhi and Susong, were always showed much more cases in the outbreak year. Most cases were distributed in the counties along the Yangtze River. Conclusion GIS can be use as both a database and a graphical tool. It can reveal the prevalence of schistosomiasis more directly and clearly and help the manager to make out the most reasonable strategies for schistosomiasis control.