广州市流动人口妇女儿童患病就医现状分析

The analysis of present situation to see doctor of the maternal and children in the floating population when they are ill

目的:了解流动人口中妇女儿童卫生保健现状、存在的主要问题和原因、发现与户籍当地妇女儿童卫生保健服务的差距,为卫生行政主管部门及政府提供决策依据.方法:2003年8月～2003年9月,采用国务院妇儿工委统一调研方案,对广州市4个区866户流动妇女家庭一对一人户调查,5个问卷130个问答,逐项访谈.结果:家庭月均总收入小于1 500元者占47.58%,家有子女1～5人,妇女的平均年龄27.88岁,平均居住广州时间为5.38年,有39.61%的妇女来自广东省内,约93%的妇女文化程度是中小学文化,有近半数妇女有病不就医,儿童有1/3生病不就医,有超过95%以上无医疗保险,超过50%无保健卡,儿童中以感冒、腹泻、营养不良最为常见.结论:流动人口妇女对自身保健要求低,意识差,对子女儿童保健能配合,但限于经济和社会环境,患病就医者仍处低水平,对照'两纲'要求,流动人口妇女儿童卫生保健与户籍当地者相比存在差距,因此,政府重视、政策支持,是改善流动人口妇女儿童卫生状况的关键.

Objective： To know present situation of the maternal and children＇s health care in the floating population, find out the main problem and the cause and the difference of health care service comparing with local women and children. Provide the evidence for the government to decide. Methods： From August to September in 2003, adopting the investigation project of women and children committee of State Department, to investigate 866 floating women family by one by one in 4 regions of Guangzhou city. The investigation includes 130 questions. Results： The family whose average monthly gross earnings less than 1 500 yuan is 47.58% , there are 1 to 5 children in their family. The women＇s average age is 27. 88, the average time live in Guangzhou is 5.38 years, and 39. 61% of the women are come from Guangdong province, about 93% women＇s education level is the primary and junior high school, about 50% of the women and 1/3 children don＇t see doctor when they are ill, more than 95% of them have no medical insurance, more than 50% of them have no health care card.Cold, diarrhea, malnutrition are the common diseases in children. Conclusion： The women in the shifting population have low request for their health care, and their health consciousness are limited, but they can cooperate with their children＇s health. It is limited by economy and social circumstance, there is low percent of seeing doctor. According to the demand of “two plants”, there is large difference between the women and children of floating population and household registered. Therefore, it is important that government’s recognition and policy supporting to improve the health care of women and children of floating population.