后冷战时代的欧洲新民粹主义

The European New populism in the Post Cold-War Era

新民粹主义是一种后工业时代的社会思潮,它与20世纪90年代欧洲极右翼思潮的泛滥和激烈的政党政治紧密相连,散发着极右气息,反映了后冷战时期的欧洲在政治、经济与社会方面的变迁,是所谓“欧洲右倾”的标志之一。它的出现与“中左”派政府的无能、战后共识的崩溃,移民大量涌入的压力以及欧洲一体化的深入直接相关;它与其它极右翼思潮如新纳粹主义有着既联系又区别的复杂关系。虽然极右势力在欧洲的确呈上升之势,但新民粹主义面临着难以克服的困境,相当长的时期内它仍难以帮助极右政党占据主流地位。

European new populism mirrors the great change in politics, economy and society in the post cold-war era, and consequently becomes a signpost of 'European leaning to the right'. It emerges in Europe as an inevitable result of the inability of 'central-left' governments, the collapse of post-cold war consensus, the pressure of influx of immigrants and the deepening of European integration. Although extreme right thoughts rise rapidly in Europe, new populism still has to overcome some barriers for its expansion. It is very clear that in a relatively long period of time new populism won't have the ability to help extreme-right parties to become dominant.