世纪之交的非洲人口形势

Analysis of Population Situation in Africa at the Turn of the Century

自20世纪50年代以来,非洲人口高速度增长,占世界总人口的比重大幅度上升,这一趋势预计还将持续很长一段时间。非洲人口的高速增长主要是由于经济文化落后,同时还受到多种政治和社会性因素以及传统婚姻习俗的影响。人口增长率过高已造成多方面的不良社会经济后果,其突出表现就是人均GDP和人均食物产量多年停滞不前,甚至有所下降。近十年来艾滋病在撒哈拉以南地区特别是南部非洲的流行,对人口的影响非常严重,是当前社会发展中最紧迫的问题之一。

Population in Africa increases rapidly since the 50's of the 20th century, and its proportion in the world population as a whole also rises largely. The primary reason that African population increases so rapidly is undeveloped economy and culture, influences from various political and social factors, and traditional marriage customs. Rapid population growth brought about a lot of negative social and economic results, the most outstanding being a standstill and even a decrease in GDP and food production per capita. In the last decade HIV/AIDS epidemic has made serious demographic impact. It is one of the most pressing questions in current social development.