全球化与中东国家的经济改革

Globalization and Economic Reforms in the Middle Eastern Countries

全球化是当今世界发展的大趋势,面对奔涌而来的全球化浪潮,中东国家适时进行了不同程度的经济改革。改革已涉及从殖民地半殖民地经济到国有经济的国有化改革;从计划经济到市场经济的发展模式的改革;从国有经济到私营经济的私有化改革;从“进口替代”到“出口导向”的工业化发展战略的改革;从保护关税到开放市场的自由化改革;从单纯依赖石油生产到发展多种经济的多样化改革等多方面内容。改革虽然取得了明显的成效,但也存在一些亟待解决的问题。

Facing the swift tide of globalization, the Middle Eastern countries have carried out timely economic reforms, which have touched upon various fields, including national reform from colonial and semi - colonial economy to state - owned economy, reform of economic development pattern from planned economy to marketeconomy, privatization reform from state - owned economy to privately nm economy, reform of industrial development strategy from import substituting economy to export- oriented economy, liberal reform from protective tariffs to open markets, diversification reform from sole dependence on oil production to diversified economy. These reforms have yielded obvious results, yet some problems remain to be solved earnestly.