幼儿箱庭基本特征的初步研究

A Study of the Basic Characteristics of 3- to 6-year-old Children's Sandplay

研究选取了10名幼儿(3～6岁),对他们的初次箱庭的基本特征进行研究,结果如下:给幼儿介绍箱庭时通常需要他们的父母或朋友在场,利用玩具在引导幼儿熟悉箱庭时发挥重要作用;幼儿箱庭制作时间都比较长;玩具选择以动物类为主;制作过程中频繁移动玩具;空间使用以“占满”类型为主;大多数幼儿制作时都不动沙;作品主题以“无明确主题”为主,有明确主题的主要为“动物世界类”和“家庭生活类”;制作过程中幼儿主动与见证人之间的互动频繁。

The study selected 10 children （from 3 to 6 years old） to engage in sandplay and investigated the basic characteristics of their sandplay. The results are as follows ： children are often introduced to sandplay with a parent or friend present ； using miniatures plays a vital role in the introduction；the playtime is relatively long; animal miniatures are used the most in their sandplay; children often move and change their creations；they often put miniatures all over the sand box； most of them don＇t use or move sand； most of the sandplay productions have no explicit motif, motifs reported in this study belong to“animal world” and“family life”, and children often interact with a witness in the process of making sandplay.