婚前育龄妇女接种麻疹疫苗免疫效果观察

Effects of measles vaccine on unmarried women of child-bearing age

目的了解婚前育龄妇女麻疹免疫水平及接种麻疹疫苗(MV)后的免疫效果,为降低新生儿麻疹发病提供参考依据。方法随机抽取15个农场的474名婚前育龄妇女,观察强化接种麻疹疫苗前后的麻疹IgG抗体变化,采集静脉血,用ELISA间接法检测麻疹IgG抗体水平。结果474名婚前育龄妇女IgG抗体阳性率为82·28%,GMT为1∶478·62,低抗体水平者占94·39%,强化接种后GMT为1∶1386·38,显著高于接种前(P<0·01);不同年龄段IgG抗体阳性率接种后均显著高于接种前。结论为降低婴幼儿在麻疹疫苗初次免疫月龄前发病,减少麻疹易感人群,建议在婚前育龄妇女中进行MV复种,从而降低婴儿麻疹发病率。

Objective To evaluate the immune status and the effect of vaccination on unmarried women of child-bearing age and to decrease newborn baby＇s incidence of measles. Methods 474 women were randomly recruited from 15 districts.Their serum samples were collected and IgG antibody of measles was tested with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）before and after the vaccination. Results Among the 474 women, positive rate of IgG was 82.28%. The geometric mean titer（GMT）of measles antibody was 1：478.62;percentage of low antibody level was 94.39% before the vaccination.GMT was 1：1368.38 after the vaccination, significantly higher than that of the previous value （P〈0.01）. Similarly, the positive rate of IgG antibody in different age groups rose significantly after the vaccination. Conclusion In order to decease susceptible population and prevent measles cases in infants before vaccination age（month）, revaccination in unmarried women of child-bearing age is recommended.