肇庆市5352例鼻咽癌流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of 5352 cases of nasopharyngea cancer in Zhaoqing

目的分析鼻咽癌在肇庆市及西江沿岸地区发病情况,以指导鼻咽癌防治工作.方法收集肇庆市5 352例首次经病理确诊进行放射治疗的鼻咽癌患者临床资料,就流行强度、人群分布、地理分布、发病因素、临床情况等进行调查分析.结果肇庆地区鼻咽癌病理类型以鳞状细胞癌为主,占96%.发病年龄高峰期在40～49岁年龄组,占35%.发病人群男性多于女性,性别比为2.7:1,以农民居多,占72%.微量元素Ni增高、偏爱食咸鱼及EB病毒感染与本组鼻咽癌发病关系密切.结论鼻咽癌主要危及中壮年男性人群.遗传因素、EB病毒感染、微量元素Ni增高及生活在广州方言地区等与鼻咽癌发生密切相关.

Objective To understand the distribution of nasopharyngeal cancer in Zhaoqing and Xijing river region in order to discover prevention strategy of nasopharyngeal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 5352 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who underwent the first pathological diagnosis and radiotherapy treatment in Zhaoqing First People＇s Hospital were collected in the study. The study was based on the rate of spread, population distribution, geography distribution, possible causes and clinical situation. Results 96 % of cases were squamous cell carcinoma. 35% of patients were at the ages of 40-49 ,and most of them were farmers who made up 72% of cases. Among these patients, the ratio of male to female is 2.7：1, showing the number of males affected being higher. Increasing amount of nickel, preference for salted fish, and EB virus infection were also closely associnted with nasepharyngeal neoplasm. Conclusions This cancer endargers mainly the middle aged males. The factors of heredity, EB virus infection,the increasing amounts of nickel and habitation in the areas where Guangzhou dialects are spoken are related closely with nasopharyngeal cancer.