游泳训练及抗氧化剂对发育期大鼠骨骼生物力学特性的影响

Experimental Research about the Effects of Swimming Exercise and Antioxidant on the Biomechanics Characteristics of the Growth Period Rat's Bones

53只4周龄SD大鼠,体重(117±11.73)g随机分为3大组:力竭对照组、间歇训练保护组和抗氧化剂保护组。其中,力竭对照组喂食常规饲料,不参加日常训练;间歇训练保护组每天作5次间歇性负重游泳训练,每次6min中间间歇4min,负荷为5%体重;抗氧化剂保护组喂食含维生素E、维生素D及硒制剂的饲料。6周后进行一次性负重力竭游泳训练,将各组再分为3小组:立即组、6h组和24h组,各组动物分别于训练后立即、6h、24h处死。取其双侧股骨和第五腰椎加工成样本,在万能实验机上进行股骨3点弯曲试验和椎骨压缩试验。用SPSS.12统计学软件对实验结果做统计学处理和比较。结果发现在本试验的负荷强度下,大鼠椎骨的生物力学特性得到明显加强,而股骨则表现出力学参数下降的现象。另外,抗氧化剂对大鼠股骨的力学性能基本上没有影响。

53 SD rats of 4 weeks old weight （ 117.0 ± 11.73） g were randomly divided into three groups： group B, C and group D. The rats of group B and D didn＇ t do swimming exercise. The rats of group C were trained by doing swimming exercise 5 times a day and 6 minutes each time , among each time the intermittent time is 4 minutes. Each group were fed standard rat feedstuff but add vitamin E（50 mg/（kg·d）^-1 ）, vitamin C（ 100 rng/（ kg·d）^-1 ） and selenium preparation（ 15μg/（ kg· d）^ -1） to the rats of group D. After 6 weeks, every group of the rats did the last swimming exercise with 5% body weight burden until exhaustive. For each group the femurs and the fifth vertebras were taken out immediately,after 6 hours and after 24 hours as specimens to test their mechanical properties. The results of three point bending and the statistics analysis to the femurs are showing in Tab. 1 and 2 and the results of compressive test of the 5th lumbar are showing in Tab. 3 and 4. In conclusion that the appropriate intermittent swimming exercises statistically increase the biomechanical properties of the spinal; the long time intermittent swimming exercises benefit the ability of the bone to adapt an sudden long time high strength exercises and also benefit self-rehabilitate of bone; the same exercise make the biomechanics parameters of the femur decreased; the effects of antioxidant on the biomechanics nature of rat＇ s bones were not very remarkable.