中日战争初期美国举棋不定的“中立”政策

American "Policy of Neutrality"at the Starting Period of the War between Japan and China

中日战争初期,美国政府奉行了一条举棋不定的“中立”政策:一方面,为了维护在中国的政治特权和经济利益,美国不甘心让日本独占中国,对中国的自卫行动表示了一定程度的同情和支持,以牵制日本扩大侵华;另一方面,由于罗斯福政府对外政策的战略重点在欧洲,在国内受到强大的孤立主义势力的牵制,既不愿意放弃有利可图的对日贸易,在军事上又没有作好对日作战的准备,因而不肯切实采取支持中国抗战、制裁日本侵略的有力行动。

At the starting period of the war between Japan and China,America employed the “policy of neutrality”. On the one hand, America was reluctant to let China be occupied by Japan alone and showed sympathy with China＇s self-defence in order to defend its political privilge and economic benefit in China, therefore, Anerica wanted to check on Japan＇ s large scale of aggnession against China. On the other hand, the Ainerican govern ment＇s foreign policy Centered on Europe and the government was checked on by the powerful isolationism, the American government was neluctant to really support China＇ s anti - Japan war and apply severe sancteons against Japan because the government was reluctant to give up its beneficial trade with Japan and was not well equipped for the war against Japan.