原位缩聚合成含聚芳酰胺/酯的分子复合材料 Ⅰ 分子复合材料的研究进展

Aromatic polyamide (or polyester)-containing microcompositex by in-situ polycondensation Part 1 Research progresses on molecular composites

高分子复合材料是指两种或两种以上物理和化学性质不同的高分子所组成的多相固体材料,是能够将各组分的优点有机结合起来,并表现某些新的有用特性的材料体系。近年来有关刚性棒状高分子与柔性基体聚合物的复合与研究非常活跃,但是,由于刚性棒状高分子与柔性基体存在着在热力学上的不相容性,使两组分达到分子水平的分散相当困难;而且由于刚性棒状高分子难溶难熔,因此更难于用溶液共混或螺杆挤出共混的方法制备分子复合材料。因此改进刚性高分子与柔性链聚合物基体的混溶性是多相高分子体系的一个重要课题。文章综述并讨论了分子复合材料的研究进展以及各种合成技术。

The combination of the polymer chains or long sequence segments of two or more polymers for obtaining the multi-component polymers by chemical or physical methods is one of the approaches for getting the polymer materials with synergetic and unique properties. In recent years, the study on the molecular composites of rigid rod-like polymers with matrix polymers has attracted continuous attention. However, such composites are rather difficult to be obtained due to their immiscibility. Furthermore, it is more difficult to prepare such composites by conventional solution blending or screw extruding due to either the poor solubility or the high melting point of rigid rod-like polymers. Therefore, one of the important tasks in multiphase macromolecular systems is to improve the compatibility of rigid-rodlike polymer with flexible matrix polymer. In this review, the research on molecular composites including different synthetic techniques are reported and discussed.