论凯恩斯的萧条经济学理论的创新性与局限性

On the Innovation and Limitations of Keynesian Theory of Depressive Economics

面对资本主义制度下具有严重威胁性的失业问题,凯恩斯把如何解决失业问题作为他写《就业、利息和货币通论》的目的。凯恩斯由就业不足引到有效需求不足,再引到投资不足与消费不足乃至货币不足,构成了被人们称之为“萧条经济学体系”的经济学理论体系。在资本主义出现有效需求不足、经济萧条和严重失业的现象时,凯恩斯主张采取积极财政政策,直接增加政府的支出和公共投资,以刺激经济增长、解决失业问题。因为消费倾向在短期内是相对稳定的,因而,要实现充分就业,必须从增加投资需求着手。凯恩斯的经济理论和政策观点至今仍在资本主义国家发生着作用,对我国当前正在进行的宏观经济调控也有某种借鉴的价值。

The intra-product division and the modularized production are contacted with network economy closely. The mode of production that different procedures and phases of the production and supply process are accomplished in different places, and then come to final products at some place, is a typical mode in the network economy from which the regulations and rules of the network economy are reflected. This paper discusses the rootstocks of intra-product division, the characters and effects of modularized production for deepening the cognitions on the division and apocalypses about accounting for some practi-cal problems.