土家族梯玛“玩菩萨”仪式分析

Analysis on the Ceremony of Su Mu Zi by the Thi Ma of the Tujia Nationality

根据对土家族梯玛“玩菩萨”仪式过程的实地记录材料,分析仪式的结构特征,提出仪式由“牲祭”、“解钱”和“驱邪祈福”三种不同性质的小仪式组成。并据以推论仪式的形成:以土家族原有的原始宗教仪式为基础,学习运用汉族端公的法术方法,全面改造和重新组合而成。

Based on the authentic records of the ceremony of SuMuZi by the Thi Ma of the Tujia Nationality, the paper analyzes the composition of the ceremony, which is composed of three different subordinate ceremonies. The authors then infer the formation of the ceremony from the analysis that based on the original ritual of the Tujia Nationality,the ceremony uses the Duan Gongg witchcraft in Han Dynasty as a reference,and comes into being after reconstruction and recomposition.