黄麻圆果种新品种中黄麻1号的选育研究

The Study on Selection and Breeding of New Jute(C.capsularis L.) Variety Zhonghuangma No.1

中黄麻1号(原名C90-2)系1984年利用黄麻优良新品系71-8和79-51进行有性杂交,再与79-51两次回交,采用系统选择与定向选择相结合的方法,经六代选择于1990年育成的黄麻新品种。该品种有植株高大、高抗炭疽病、丰产稳产性好、适应性广等特征,适宜在全国各主要麻区推广种植。在1993-1994年品系比较试验中,两年平均纤维产量2814.00kg/hm2,比对照增产14.32%,差异极显著;2002-2003年全国黄麻多点区域试验,纤维产量2808.00kg/hm2,比对照品种粤圆五号(2472.15kg/hm2)增产13.59%,增产极显著;纤维品质优良,纤维支数439支,纤维强力401牛顿/克,优于对照品种。

New jute variety, “Zhonghuangma No. 1 （ former name C90 - 2）”, was bred from progeny of 71-8 ×79-51 backcrossed with 79-51, by systematical selection and recurrent selection method for six generations selection in 1990. In the variety yield comparison test in 1993 - 1994, it＇s average fiber yield was 2814.00kg/hm^2, which was 14. 32% more than that of the CK Yueyuan No. 5. The average fiber yield of C90 - 2 was 2808.00kg/hm^2, 13.59% higher than that of CK Yueyuan No. 5 （2472.15kg/hm^2） in the national jute regional trial at 5 locations for 2 years （2002 -2003）, and the difference was to significant level. Its average fiber strength was 401N, fineness 439.0m/g, better than that of the CK. The main Characteri sties of the variety were larger plant, thicker stem, higher resistance to anthracnose disease, high yield stability and wide adaptability, which is one of the most promising varieties at present and can completely substitute imported “Bangladeshi fiber” and provide material for civil luxurious jute product.