新型铜-碳复合受电弓滑板的制备

Research on New Copper-Carbon Composite Pantograph Slide Plate

通过分析当前电力机车受电弓滑板存在的各种问题,用粉末冶金法研制出了一种新型的受电弓滑板.该滑板由铜、碳纤维和石墨等构成.首先分析了成形压力、烧结温度对滑板性能的影响,然后对其导电性、摩擦、磨损性能及冲击韧性进行检测并与当前正在使用的受电弓滑板进行了对比.结果表明,该新型滑板的最佳制备工艺条件为铜含量78%,碳纤维含量2%,石墨含量15%,添加剂含量5%,成形压力为200MPa,烧结温度为880℃.该滑板不仅电阻率很低,而且其摩擦、磨损及冲击韧性等性能也较当前正在使用的受电弓滑板优越.与当前正在使用的碳滑板相比,其摩擦系数降低54.5%,磨损量减少41%,冲击韧性提高9.6倍,导电性增强87倍.

In view of existing problems of current electric locomotive pantograph slide plate, a new pantograph slide plate was developed using powder metallurgy technology. The new pantograph slide plate consisted of copper, carbon fiber, graphite, etc., and the influences of pressure and sintering temperature on the performance of pantograph slide plate were evaluated based on the measurements of friction, abrasion and impact toughness of test samples. Performance of these pantograph slide plates was compared with other brands that are being used now. The results showed that the best plate was prepared with the conditions of the composition of copper 78%, carbon fiber 2%, graphite 15% and additive 5%, pressure 200 MPa and sintering temperature 880℃. Its performance in friction, abrasion and impact toughness, etc., was improved compared with current carbon slide plates： friction coefficient was reduced by 54.5%, abrasion rate decreased by 41%, impact toughness increased by 9.6 times and conductance increased by 87 times.