沈阳市城区白血病流行病学现况分析

An Epidemiology Analysis of the Leukemia Incidence in Shenyang

目的探讨白血病发病分布特征及规律,为白血病的预防、干预提供科学依据。方法应用Excel2000计算沈阳市2002-2003年白血病发病率、标化发病率,用SAS6.12进行χ2检验。结果沈阳市2002-2003年白血病平均发病率为4.83/10万,位居恶性肿瘤发病的第9位,男女发病率差别无统计学意义(χ2=3.144,P>0.05);75～岁组白血病发病率最高(35.76/10万),在25岁以下恶性肿瘤发病中,白血病比例较高,其中5～岁组白血病所占比例最大,为50.00%;市内五区白血病发病率比较,沈河区最高(6.73/10万),皇姑区最低(3.14/10万),各区白血病发病率经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(χ2=22.171,P<0.01);不同类型白血病发病中,在指明有细胞类型白血病中以淋巴样白血病发病率最高,但“细胞型未指明白血病(ICD-10C95)”在全部白血病中所占比例最大。结论沈阳市白血病发病率水平较高,尤其对儿童及老年人危害最大,白血病是儿童时期最主要的恶性肿瘤。因此,加强儿童及老年人的白血病防治工作刻不容缓。

OjecUve To explore the distributive characteristics of incidence for leukemia and to provide scientific reference for its prevention and intervention. Methods Excel 2000 was used to calculate incidence rate and standardized incidence rate of leukemia in Shenyang from 2002 to 2003. SAS6.12 software was used to make significant test.Results The average incidence rate of leukemia was 4.83/10s during 2002 to 2003 in Shenyang. It ranked the ninth in all cancers. There was no significant difference between gender （P〉0.05）.The incidence rate in group aged 75 years was the highest （35.76/10^5）. Among malignant cancers, the ratio of leukemia was higher in patients under 25 years old than that in other age groups, and the ratio was the highest （50.00%） in the age 5 group. Comparison between five districts, the incidence rate of leukemia was the highest in Shenhe district, and it was the lowest in Huanggu, there was statistical significance among districts （X^2=22.171, P=-0.001 ）. Conclusion The incidence rate of leukemia,especially in Children and the aged population, was relatively higher in Shenyang. Leukemia was the major malignant tumor in children. So we should pay more attention to the precaution of leukemia in children and the old people.