豆粉对糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂的调节作用

Effect of refined chickpea powder in regulating blood glucose and blood lipid of diabetic rats

目的:观察具有降糖、降脂作用的鹰嘴豆对糖尿病大鼠血糖及血脂的影响。方法:实验于2003-10/12在新疆医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室完成。32只糖尿病大鼠依据血糖水平随机分为4组:模型组、鹰嘴豆精粉高、中、低剂量组,每组8只;另取健康大鼠8只设为对照组。对照组给予普通饲料,模型组给予高脂饲料,其它3组分别给予含有不同剂量鹰嘴豆精粉饲料,下午5时喂饲1次/d,记录每日进食量及饮水量,每周称量体质量、测定空腹血糖1次,4周末于空腹12h后眼眶取血测定各项血脂指标及胰岛素,并在麻醉状态下处死大鼠称量肝、脾、胸腺重量。结果:纳入40只大鼠均进入结果分析。①血糖比较:应用鹰嘴豆精粉1周后,低剂量组明显低于模型组犤(15.15±6.86,19.73±5.51)mmol/L,(P<0.01)犦;应用鹰嘴豆精粉2周后,高剂量组明显低于模型组犤(15.81±4.57,23.78±4.34)mmol/L,(P<0.01)犦。②三酰甘油含量:高剂量组明显低于模型组犤(6.29±3.84,15.18±3.06),(P<0.01)犦;中剂量组明显高于正常组犤(5.86±4.67,0.39±0.23),(P<0.01)犦。③高密度脂蛋白含量:中剂量组明显低于模型组犤(2.01±1.08,8.43±4.26)mmol/L,(P<0.01)犦;高剂量组明显低于模型组犤(2.53±1.16,8.43±4.26)mmol/L,(P<0.01)犦。④肝质量:中剂量组明显高于正常组犤(9.54±1.69,6.92±1.37)g,(P<0.05)犦。结论:鹰嘴豆精粉可降低糖尿病大鼠血糖和血清三酰甘油的水平,对血清总胆固醇的含量未见明显影响,而有降低血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的趋势,这种特殊现象有待进一步认识与验证。

AIM： To observe the influence of refined chickpea powder, which has the effects of decreasing glucose and lipid on the blood glucose and blood lipids of diabetic rats. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University between October and December 2003. Thirty-two diabetic rats were divided into 4 groups with 8 rats in each group according to the level of blood glucose： model group, refined chickpea powder high, middle and low dosage groups, another 8 healthy rats were used as the controls （control group）. Rats in the control group and model group were given common diet and high fat diet respectively, and those in the other 3 groups were given diet containing refined chickpea powder of different dosages, they were fed once a day at 5：00 in the afternoon, the amounts of intake and drinking water every day were recorded, the rats were weighed and the fasting blood glucose was detected once every week. The blood samples were drawn form orbit after fasting for 12 hours at the end of the 4^th week to determine the indexes of blood lipid and insulin, and then the rats were killed to weigh the masses of liver, spleen and thymus gland. RESULTS： All the 40 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Comparison of blood glucose： At 1 week after usage of refined chickpea powder, it was obviously lower in the low dosage group than in the model group [（15.15±6.86）, （19.73±5.51） mmol/L P〈 0.01]; At 2 week after usage of refined chickpea powder, it was obviously lower in the high dosage group than in the low dosage group [（15.81±4.57）,（23.78±4.34） mmol/L, P 〈 0.01]. ② The content of triglyceride： It was obviously lower in the high dosage group than in the model group [（6.29±3.84）,（15.18±3.06） mmol/L, （P 〈 0.01）, obviously higher in the middle dosage group than in the normal group [（5.86±4.67）, （0.39±0.23） mmol/L, P 〈 0.01]. ③ The content of high density lipoprotein： It was remarkably lower in the middle dosage group than in the model group [（2.01±1.08, （8.43±4.26） mmol/L, P 〈 0.01], also obviously lower in the high dosage group than in the model group [（2.53±1.16）, （8.43±4.26） mmol/L, P 〈 0.01]. ④ The liver mass： It was remarkably lower in the middle dosage group than in the normal group [（9.54±1.69）, （6.92±1.37） g, P 〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION： The refined chickpea powder can reduce the levels of blood glucose and serum triglyceride in diabetic rats, and has no obvious influence on the content of serum total cholesterol, but it has the trend of decreasing the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol, which needs further recognition and identification.