金刚烷在塔里木原油成熟度研究中的应用

Adamantane and Its Application to Studying the Maturity of Crude Oils from Tarim Basin

金刚烷类化合物（简称ＤＩＡＭＯ）属成烃演化过程中的次生产物，一旦形成则非常稳定。笔者在Ｒｏ＝０．４８％的泥岩抽提物中检出ＤＩＡＭＯ，表明从塔里木盆地原油和烃源岩抽提物中检出ＤＩＡＭＯ的成熟度区间有扩大的可能性，其原因是ＤＩＡＭＯ的形成不仅受热力作用控制，而且可能与酸的催化作用（即岩性）有关。通过热模拟实验还选出了４－ＭＡＤ／３－ＭＡＤ和４，９－ＤＡＤ／３，４－ＤＡＤ两个新参数。用５２个塔里木原油样品试用，结果表明它们基本上有效。最后指出研究盆地原油尤其是混源油的成熟度时，应分别查明其轻、中、重各碳数段的成熟度，然后综合地质资料确定原油主体组成的成熟度。用单一参数或多种参数值“平均”来划分全盆地原油的成熟度的方法都是值得商榷的。

Adamantane hydrocarbon is the secondary product during the evolution of hydrocarbons,and if once formed,more stable than most other hydrocarbons.The adamantanes were detected in low maturity mudstone(0.48%Ro)of Tarim basin,so the maturity range of detectable samples is expanded.The genesis of adamantanes is not only governed by thermodynamics but also related to acid catalysis,that is, to the lithology of source rock. Two new maturity parameters, 4-MAD/3-MAD and 4, 9-DAD/3, 4-DAD, have been chosen on the basis of the experimental simulation and proved to be effective in the preliminary research on the 52 samples of crude oil from the Tarim basin. Finally, it is pointed out that the maturity of the mixed crude oils from the Tarim basin should be determined by synthetically studying geological data with the maturities of the different ranges of carbon number(low,medium and high).On the contrary, it is open to question that all crude oils from the-basin are classified according to the single maturity parameter or the 'average' of the multiple maturity parameters.