一种改良型小鼠哮喘模型方法的建立及评价

A modified method in establishing mouse asthma model

目的:改良建立小鼠哮喘模型的方法并评价其效果.方法:清洁级BALB/c小鼠20只,随机分为模型组和对照组,模型组于第0和14d注射OVA(卵清蛋白)致敏,第21～25天雾化吸入5%OVA激发,对照组用生理盐水替代.结果:模型组在激发过程中出现明显头面部瘙痒,呼吸加深加快,安静少动,弓背,前肢缩抬等哮喘急性发作表现.BALF(支气管肺泡灌洗液)中白细胞总数及嗜酸性粒细胞分类明显增多.血清及BALF中IL-4明显增高,INF-γ下降,OVA特异性IgE增高.肺组织病理切片见小支气管及伴行血管周围有较多炎症细胞浸润,可见大量嗜酸性粒细胞,杯状细胞增生,平滑肌增厚,部分肺泡间隔融合形成肺气肿.结论:通过对小鼠哮喘模型建立方法的改良,成功复制出小鼠哮喘发作的动物模型.

Objective ： To establish and assess a modified mouse asthma model. Methods ： Clean female BALB/c mice were divided into 2 groups（ n = 20,10 for each group）. The asthmatic group was sensitized by i. p. and i. n. with OVA aluminum potassium sulfate solution on day 0 and 14. Mice were challenged via the airways with OVA（5 % in saline） for 14 days （from day 21 to 35） using ultrasonic nebulization. The control group received saline as the substitution of OVA. Results ： The asthmatic group demonstrated the symptoms of acute asthma,such as scratching the head continuously, breathing deeply and fast, staying still, bowing the hack, lifting the forelimbs,and so on. There were more leukocytes and cosinophils in the BALF of asthmatic group. In either blood or BALF, the levels of IL- 4 and OVA specific IgE were significantly elevated while the IFN - γ level was lower in the asthmatic group, as compared with the control group. In asthmatic mice, inflammatory cell increased. The goblet cell hyperplasia, smooth muscle cell proliferation and pulmonary emphysema were much more serious in asthmatic mice than in control mice. Conclusion ： This successful modified mouse asthma model may provide a necessary tool in the fundamental research of asthma.