小麦品系抗小麦白粉病基因分子标记鉴定

Identification of Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in Advanced Wheat Lines Using Molecular Markers

利用与3个抗小麦白粉病基因(PmPS5A,PmPS5B,PmY39)连锁的微卫星标记对分别由波斯小麦PS5和(或)小伞山羊草Y39衍生的72个小麦抗病品系进行了抗白粉病基因鉴定。在24个由波斯小麦PS5和小伞山羊草Y39合成的双二倍体Am9衍生的品系中,有2个品系含有PmPS5A的标记,有19个品系含有PmPS5B的标记,有7个品系含有PmY39的标记,还有4个品系含有PmPS5B和PmY392个基因的标记。在48个由波斯小麦PS5分别和5个不同粗山羊草合成双二倍体衍生的品系中,有25个品系含有PmPS5A的标记,有3个品系PmPS5B的标记。此外,对没有检测到PmPS5A和PmPS5B标记的20个品系所含抗病基因或其来源进行分析,推测一些品系含有来源于粗山羊草的未知抗病基因。

Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the devastating diseases of wheat （ Triticum aestivum L. em Thell. ）. The use of resistant cultivars is the most economical, effective and environmentally safe way to control this disease. Triticum carthlicum acc. PS5 and some Aegilops spp. have broad spectrum of resistance to wheat powdery mildew. So far, a great deal of advanced wheat lines derived from amphidiploids made of T. carthlicum acc. PS5 and Aegilops spp. have been developed by Dong Yuchen research group in Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, CAAS, in which many lines are resistant to powdery mildew. Recently, three powdery mildew resistance genes,PmPSSA and PmPSSB, in T. carthlicum acc. PS5, and PmY39 in Ae. umbellulata acc. Y39 have been identified and mapped using microsatellite markers in our laboratory. In present study, powdery mildew resistance genes in 72 advanced wheat lines derived from T. carthlicum acc. PS5 and/or Ae. umbellulata acc. Y39 were identified by microsatellite markers linked to genes PmPSSA, PmPS5B and PmY39, in order to facilitate them to be rapidly and effectively used in future breeding programs. Of 24 lines derived from Am9, a synthetic amphidiploid of T. carthlicum acc. PS5 and Ae.umbellulata acc. Y39, the markers linked to each gene of PmPSSA, PmPSSB and PmY39 were detected in 2 lines, 19 lines and 7 lines, respectively, and 2 markers linked to both genes of PmPSSB and PmY39 were detected in 4 lines. Among 48 lines derived from 5 synthetic amphidiploids, made from T. carthlicum acc. PS5 and 5 accessions of Ae.tauschii, respectively, the markers linked to each gene of PmPSSA and PmPSSB were detected in 25 lines and 3 lines,respectively, and no marker linked to the two genes was detected in other 20 lines. Moreover, resistance genes or the origin of resistance genes in the 20 lines that did not have the markers linked to the known genes were discussed. It was suggested that some lines could got powdery mildew resistance genes introgressed from Ae. tauschii.