青年近视患者无症状视网膜裂孔的特征与处理

Characteristics and management of asymptomatic retinal breaks in young myopic eyes

目的探讨青年近视患者无症状视网膜裂孔的特征及处理方法。方法对无任何自觉症状要求做角膜屈光手术的近视患者进行眼底检查,比较不同屈光度患者中视网膜裂孔的发生率。结果视网膜裂孔的发生率为2·43%,其中88%为变性萎缩孔。低度、中度、高度近视的视网膜裂孔发生率分别为0·17%、1·93%、22%(P<0·01)。经眼底激光治疗后接受准分子激光手术的33眼中31眼眼底病情稳定。结论青年近视患者无症状视网膜裂孔中变性萎缩孔最常见,视网膜裂孔的发生率随着屈光度的增加而明显上升。氩激光对干性视网膜裂孔和局限性视网膜脱离疗效较好。

Objective To discusses the characteristies and treatment of asymptonmtic retinal breaks in young myopic patients. Methods The fundus of 2 994 eyes from 1 497 patients with myopia were examined prior to receiving the cornea refraction operation. The incidence of retinal breaks was compared for various diopter. Results Ninety-two peripheral retinal breaks were seen in 73 eyes of 60 patients,and the 82 breaks of them were round atrophic holes. The incidence of retinal breaks was 0. 17% in low myopia, 1.93% in mediated myopia and 5.22% in high myopia （ P 〈0.01 ）. The retinas were nice in 33 eyes treated by Argon laser during the 15- to 29-month follow-up,meanwhile the myopia were corrected using LASIK. Conclusion The most frequent asymptomatic retinal breaks are the atrophic holes in young myopic patients. The incidence of the retinal breaks are obviously increased with diopter of myopia. Argon laser is a good method for closing these breaks.