沿海挡潮闸闸下淤积分析与疏浚技术

Sedimentation and dredging downstream of tidal sluices along coasts

近年来随着流域水资源利用率的提高,下泄流量逐年减少,粉沙淤泥质海岸带挡潮闸闸下港道淤积加重,且日趋板结,仅靠水力冲淤已无法满足防洪排水的要求,机械疏浚愈来愈重要。通过对挡潮闸闸下淤积特性及发展趋势、常用防淤减淤措施、河床疏浚标准、疏浚技术及时机的分析,论述了只有进行基础试验,找出淤积规律,选择最佳时机,控制闸门运行,充分利用水力冲淤,同时加强测量观测,确定合理施工标准,采用科学疏浚方法,才能使港道淤积危害降低到最小。

Recently, with the increase of the utilization of water resources and the reduction of upland run-off, the sedimentation at the downstream of tidal sluices becomes more and more serious and the sediment deposited on the river bed becomes denser and denser. This does not satisfy the requirement of flood control and disaster reduction. Hence, mechanical dredging becomes more important. This paper demonstrates that some basic experiments must be conducted, that the sedimentation rule should be pointed out and that appropriate operation for controlling sluices should be made. In addition, field observation rational standards and scientific dredging methods should be taken so as to turn the disadvantages to the minimum.