大麦籽粒蛋白质和麦胶含量的遗传分析

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN PROTEIN AND GUM CONTENT IN BARLE(H. vulgare L.)

采用ｐ＝６的ｐ（ｐ＋１）／２双列设计，研究大麦籽粒的蛋白质含量（ＰＣ）和麦胶含量（ＧＣ）的遗传，并发展了检测遗传效应和变异的统计方法。结果表明，ＰＣ和ＧＣ的遗传表达均主要由三倍体胚乳的核基因控制，没有显著的细胞质效应。ＰＣ和ＧＣ的遗传则均符合加世－显性模型，加性、显性和环境（测定）的方差估计效 和，在ＰＣ 依次为６．４６０８，１．２７４１和０．０２７７．在ＧＣ依次为７１．５０２０，１１．０５５１和２．６７５４。显性的方向和程度随亲本和组合而有不同，平均而言，ＰＣ是增效基因为显性，ＧＣ是增效基因为隐性。文中还分析了三倍体和二倍体模型参数的对应关系，提出改良ＰＣ和ＧＣ的育种策略。

The inheritance of grain protein content(PC )and gum content(GC )in barley was investigat-ed in a p(p+ 1)/2 diallel design with p= 6,and the statistical method was developed for testing the geneticeffects and variations. The results showed that the genetic expression of PC and GC was mainly subject to thegenotypes of triploid endosperm,and the cytoplasmic effect was insignificant.The additive-dominance modelwas adequate to beth PC and GC,Estimates of the additive,dominant and environmental(measuremental)variances,and,were 6.460 8,1.274 1 and 0.027 7 for PC,and 71.502 0, 11.0551 and 2. 6754for GC,respectively. The direction and degree of dominance varied with parents and hybrids,but on the av-erage,the increasing alleles were dominant for PC and recessive for GC,respectively. The corresponding rela-tionship between the genetic parameters in triploid and diploid models was demonstrated.The breeding strate-gy for improving PC and GC was discussed.