免疫活性细胞中的非神经元型胆碱能系统

The Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System in Immunocompetent Cells

本文对淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、粒细胞、肥大细胞及胶质细胞等免疫活性细胞中非神经元型胆碱能系统的特点、药理学和病理生理学意义进行了综述。免疫活性细胞,尤其是淋巴细胞中存在完整、独立的胆碱能系统。与神经元型胆碱能系统相比,该系统具有不同特点,如乙酰胆碱(ACh)的合成存在于整个细胞内;ACh可能储存于细胞中某种储存结构,也可能不需储存,而是按需合成并直接释放。免疫活性细胞中的非神经元型胆碱能系统对机体免疫功能及炎症过程可能发挥重要的调控作用。对该系统的深入研究将有助于进一步阐明免疫性疾病、炎症/感染性疾病和神经退行性疾病等的病理生理和发现药物治疗的新靶标。

Most of the cholinergic components,which are expressed in neurons,exist in the immunocompetent cells, especially the lymphoeytes, and thus constitute an independent eholinergic system.Comparing with neuronal eholinergic system, the non-neuronal eholinergie system has its unique characteristics, and may be involved in regulation of immune function and inflammatory responses in human and other mammals. An insight into the non-neuronal cholinergie system in immunoeompetent cells may facilitate further understanding of pathophysiology and novel therapeutics of immune abnormalities, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.