人参选育品系的遗传变异研究

Study on genetic differentiations among different strains of cultivated ginseng

目的通过对不同品系人参之间的遗传变异进行分析,为人参育种提供依据。方法采用随机引物扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)方法,对经过系统选育优选出的3个人参品系32个样本进行遗传多样性及遗传变异分析。结果21个随机引物共检测出170条扩增片段,其中多态性片段57条,占总扩增数的33.53%。由Nei’s和Shannon’s指数估算各品系间的遗传分化已较明显,分别占总变异的44.62%和43.04%。聚类分析结果显示各品系人参已纯化的较好,都先分别聚类后再与其他样品聚在一起。结论首次用RAPD方法在分子水平上对人参品系间和品系内的遗传变异性进行研究,证明采用系统选择的方法对人参进行培育是有效可行的。

OBJECTIVE To provide the information for the breeding of Panax ginseng by analyzing the genetic differentiations among different strains.METHODS By RAPD method, the genetic diversities and differentiations among 3 strains of Panax g/nseng（32 samples） were analyzed. RESULTS 170 loci, and 57 polymorphic loci （33.53 % ） were obtained. The genetic differentiations were estimated by Nei＇s index and Shannon＇ s diversity index （44.62 % and 43.04 %, respectively）. Cluster analysis showed that the purified effect of 3 strains Panax ginseng was good. CONCLUSION Firstly, the genetic differentiations among the strains of Panax g/nseng are researched by RAPD method in molecular levels, and the results proved the breeding Panax ginseng by system selection are effective and feasible.