摘要
中国社会演变论是钱穆先生用以中国史研究的史学理论,其内容和形式有一个发展、变化过程。这一理论的基本内涵是:以政治制度的演变为主体、以“士人政治”的变迁为主线用以考察中国历史上的社会演变过程,它反映了钱穆先生关于春秋以前是“封建社会”,战国以下是“四民社会”而非封建社会的中国史观点。这一理论的意图在于:用中国历史上社会演变的有限性来证成中国文化精神传统的不变性,其理论实质是道统文化史观。
The theory concerning social evolution of China is the main thought of Qian Mu to study Chinese History. The forming of it develops a process. 'The unification and disintegration' is the main direct thought in his study in thirties of last century. 'To be official or not of Shi' (shi,a social stratum in ancient China, between senior officials and the common people) is the main direct thought in his study in the fifties. Qian Mu, in the seventies, summaries these thoughts as the spirit tradition of Chinese culture and concludes that the era before the spring and Autumn period is the feudal society and after Warring States is 'Si Min society' (Si Min means peasant, artisan, merchant and Shi). His standard to divide the stages of history is based on the evolution of political system. It is different from the theory decided by mode of production.
出处
《史学理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第3期40-45,共6页
Historiography Bimonthly