试论二战后韩国对日索赔要求的演变

On the Development of Korea's Claim to Japan for Damages after WorldWar II

第二次世界大战后,朝鲜人民从其摆脱日本殖民统治之日起,向日本政府、日本殖民统治机构及日本人,提出了对朝鲜及朝鲜人民造成的损失进行补偿或赔偿的要求。在清算殖民统治及战争损失的过程中,南朝鲜民众和韩国政府始终彻底否定日本的殖民统治。但由于受冷战及美国对日政策转变的影响,韩国的对日索赔要求逐渐后退,从一开始的战胜国对战败国的赔偿要求,后退为“为了恢复因暴力与贪欲而造成的损失与受害必然使其履行的义务”或补偿,进而又后退到“为挽回和恢复所蒙受的牺牲而提出的公正的、理性的合理要求”。

After World War II, from the day when Korean people got rid of colonial domination of Japan, they began to put forward to Japanese government, Japanese are colonial domination organization and Japanese people the request for compensation for the damage during the colonial domination and the war. After World War II, the people of South Korea began to organize victims' groups one after another, to collect materials and to investigate the loss and injured situation due to the war, However, because of the impacts of the Cold War and the policy switch of U.S.A towards Japan, Korea drew back step by step from 'the damage claim to the victorious nation', to 'fulfill the obligations' or make compensation 'in order to resume losses and damage due to violence and greed,' and finally 'putting forward the just and reasonable request in order to retrieve and resume the suffered sacrifice.'