电力行业二氧化硫排放控制现状、费用及对策分析

Analysis of Current Status, Cost and Policies of Power Sector SO_2 Emission Control

系统地研究了国家级层面上的30多个法规、政策、规划和文件对火电厂二氧化硫排放的控制要求及存在问题,提出了现行政策还不完善之处。通过对典型石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫费用的研究,提出了4个费用估算预测公式。研究表明,煤的含硫量对脱除每kg二氧化硫的费用影响最为敏感。提出清理修订现行法规及政策,加快实施二氧化硫在电力行业内的排放总量平衡和排放权交易政策,鼓励发电企业依法自主选择治理措施;出台火电厂二氧化硫治理优惠经济政策,规范脱硫产业化发展等的建议。

This paper systematically studies more than 30 national laws, policies, regulations, plans and official documents that are related to power plant SO2 emission control. The study discovers some of the inconformability and inconsistency among these policies and regulations. The study also argues that the current policy framework still needs improvement. Through analysis of the cost structure of the most typical Flow-gas-desulfurization （FGD） method, four cost estimation formulas are proposed. The study shows that sulfur content is the largest contributing factor to the average cost of SO2 removal. This paper suggests streamlining of current laws and policies and the adoption of combined total emission control （TEC） and emissions trading （ET） policy, so as to encourage the free choice of the efficient control strategy by power plants. The paper also recommends more favorable economic policies for SO2 control and the streamlining of SO2 emission control industry.