监督,能否与法治兼容——从法治立场来反思监督制度

On the Compatibility of Supervision with Rule of Law

监督究竟是不是法治的范畴?它能否与法治兼容?中国传统监督制度历来发达并有顽强的生命力,其内在结构是一种权力关系“叠床架屋”式的堆砌。本文考察总结了这种传统模式的固有特征:容易治标,却难以治本;权力范围广泛,却非规范化;监督者大义凛然高风亮节,却把制度依赖于监督主体及个人的因素;监督操作灵活,但制度运作效果缺乏稳定性。认为传统监督制度实为人治底下的制度模式。如果传统监督制度不改造成现代监督制度,监督永远只是被法治所排斥的一种另类怪异的制度。所以需要对监督制度进行根本性的转变:根据法治原理与立场,以分权制约和正当程序为原则,以法治的方式进行监督制度的变革和运行,将传统的监督制度纳入法治系统,使其成为法治内在的构成部分。

The question we just considered is whether supervision belongs to the sphere of rule of law？whether or not it can be compatible with law？ This article made a survey on China＇ s traditional supervision system and classified it as a mode of rule of man in nature. The authors suggested that supervision system should be wansformed completely and be put into the legal system as a inner composing part of law.