216例涂阳肺结核病人特征分析

Analyse on characters of 216 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients

目的进一步掌握涂阳肺结核病人特征,以采取更有效的防治措施.方法对2003-2004年9月的216例涂阳肺结核病例的资料和调查结果进行分析.结果本组病人特征为:(1)文化程度不高,初中及以下为主,职业以农民为主.(2)男性是女性的2.13倍.(3)年龄高峰男性在25和35岁组,女性则在25和15岁组;有71.3%涂阳病人是54岁以下青壮年;在15～35岁年龄段,女性病人多于男性.(4)44.9%病人确认有肺结核病人接触史.(5)病灶侵及2个肺野以上165例(76.4%),有干酪和空洞46例(21.3%).合并糖尿病27例(12.5%),合并有心脑血管病26例(12.0%),伴其他慢性病16例(7.4%),同时患其他肺外结核6例(2.8%).(6)216例涂阳病人按卫生部统一化疗方案治疗,痰菌阴转率和治愈率均达到项目的要求.结论进一步加强农村和青壮年的结核病控制工作,有助于加速结核病的控制.

Objective To determine the characters of smear- positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients for providing scientific basis on selecting efficient the control measures. Methods The data of 216 patients during 2003 to September 2004 were analyzed. Results The cases with following characters： （1） most of patients hadthe education background below junior high school and most of them were farmer. （2）the ratio of male to female was 2.13. （3）the peak ages in male were 25 and 35, and the peak ages in female was 25 and 15. （4） 44.9% of patients confirmed that they have contact history with TB patients. （5）76.4% patients had X - ray shadows in more than two fields of lungs. 21.3% of patients had cavities in their X - ray film. 12.5% and 12.04% patients complicated with heart disease. （6）216 smear positive cases treated according to the targets of sputum conversion and cure rates. Conclusion It is helpful for accelerate the space of tuberculosis control if strengthen TB control in rural areas and among young adults.