热锻模综合应力与弹性模量关系的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of corresponding relationship between combined stress of hot die forging and its material elastic module

模锻成形过程中,温度对锻模材料的力学性能有很大影响。这种影响不仅体现在模具材料的强度、硬度和韧性等指标上,而且体现在弹性模量、热膨胀系数和热传导系数上。本文就锻模材料的弹性模量随温度的变化进行分析,用有限元法研究模锻过程中锻模的应力场及其变化规律,从中得到热锻模综合应力场与弹性模量之间的对应关系。研究结果证明,热锻模材料的选择不应苛求其常温下的机械性能,而应从降低锻模温度应力为主要目标选用弹性模量小且弹性模量对温度敏感的材料。

During the cause of die forging, the temperature has a great effect on the mechanics performance of the forging die metal, which is not only reflected by the die material strength, hardness and toughness, etc. but also by the elastic module, expansion coefficient and the heat conduct coefficient. In this paper, the finite element analysis method is used to study the stress field and its change rule in the forging process based on the analysis that the elastic module is changed with the temperature. And we have found the relationship between the combined stress of forging die and elastic module of its material. The result of concluded analysis shows that it shouldn＇t be strict too much to its mechanical performance in normal temperature when we choose the material of forging die. The material of smaller elastic module that is sensitive to the temperature should be selected aiming at reducing the forging die temperature stress.