氮肥和氮磷钾配比对科棉1号产量和品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Ratio of Nitrogen,Phosphorus to Potassium on Lint Yield and Fiber Quality of Kemian

以Bt转基因抗虫棉科棉1号为试验材料,研究了氮肥和氮磷钾配比对皮棉产量和纤维品质的影响。研究结果表明,施氮量375kg/hm2,氮磷钾配比1∶0.4∶0.8能够有效增加单株成铃数,提高铃重,提高皮棉产量,获得的皮棉产量最高,达到1650.43kg/hm2。随着氮磷钾配比的提高,当提高到1∶0.8∶1.6时,皮棉产量出现下降的趋势。施氮量375kg/hm2,氮磷钾配比1∶0.8∶1.6能够有效地促进纤维品质的改善,主要表现为:马克隆值有所优化,更加接近A级,成熟度和长度整齐度均有所提高,断裂比强度显著增加,短绒率有所降低。

With Bt transgenic cotton kemian 1 as the tested material, the effect of nitrogen and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus to potassium on the lint yield and fiber quality was studied in theis paper. The main results were as follows. The number of cotton boll per plant, the weight per boll increased under the condition of nitrogen application of 375kg· ha^-1 and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus to potassium of 1：0.4：0.8, achieving the highest lint yield of 1650.43kg·ha^-1 But lint yield decreased as more phosphorus and potassium was applied. The application of 375kg· ha^-1 and the ratio of phosphorus to potassium of 1：0.8：1.6 could better cotton quality characteristics by opthmizing micronaire, increasing cotton maturity, length uniformity index and fiber breadking strength as well as decreasing short fiber content.