云杉强化育苗技术的研究现状和展望

Actualities and expectation of techniques for accelerating Picea seedling growth

云杉属Picea是世界重要工业用材树种,其育苗的瓶颈在于苗期和幼林期生长慢,严重影响其遗传评价进程。系统阐述了近年来国内外对云杉及针叶树种塑料大棚及温室强化快速育苗方面的研究进展,论述了光照、温度、湿度、水分、肥料等影响云杉快速育苗的因素并对这些影响因素进行了深入分析。补光处理对云杉播种育苗有显著影响,通过光照处理,可以阻滞云杉的早期封顶。根区温度也是影响云杉生长的一个非常重要的因素,采用强化育苗技术可大大缩短育苗周期,使苗木提早出圃。最后展望了今后我国在云杉强化育苗方面需要开展的研究工作。

Spruce is an important timber tree species for industrial use. The bottleneck for the cultivation of spruce is its slow growth, which affects the genetic evaluation process seriously. The domestic and overseas researches on accelerating spruce seedling growth by plastic sheds and greenhouses were expatiated. And the factors influencing fast growth of spruce seedlings such as light, temperature, humidity, moisture and fertilizers were analyzed.Increasing illumination had a significant effect on the growth of spruce seedlings. Light treatment could hinder from early dormancy of spruce. Temperature in the roots was also an important factor affecting spruce growth. The techniques for accelerating seedling growth could shorten the period of seedlings cultivation. Finally, further study in future was also put forward. [ Ch, 34 ref. ]