温控土工三轴仪的研制及其应用

Temperature controlled triaxial apparatus for soils and its application

为了研究温度对土的力学性质的影响,研制了一套温控土工三轴仪。该设备采用模块结构,体小轻巧;实现了三轴仪与恒温箱的巧妙结合,能经受高压高温;对温度、吸力、应力、应变既能较好地控制,也能较准确地量测;体变、排水、气压量测精度高,传压滞后小;数据自动采集处理,应用方便,造价低;能进行控制温度的饱和土与非饱和土试验。利用该设备对陶岔胀土进行了三种应力路径的控制温度的三轴试验,结果表明,温度对该土的变形、强度和土–水特征曲线有较大影响。温控土工三轴试验设备的研制成功为研究土的热力学特性提供了有力工具。

New test equipment for soils was developed by combining unsaturated triaxial apparatus with electric thermostat-box. It consists of several parts, its volume is small and its weight is light. The apparatus can withstand high temperature and high pressure. Test temperature, suction, stress and strain can be ether controlled perfectly or measured correctly. The precision of measuring total volume change and drainage water volume as well as pore air pressure is satisfactory, and the hysteresis time for transmitting pressure is minor. Test data are gathered and treated automatically by computers. The cost for developing the apparatus was not much. This equipment can be used to perform the test with temperature-controlled for saturated soil or unsaturated soil. Three groups of triaxial tests with temperature controlled for unsaturated expansive soils were carded out, and the test results show that temperature exerts great effect on the mechanical behavior of the soil, such as strain, strength and soil-water characteristics curve et al.