辩证评析拉美的百年经济发展

The Centennial of Latin American Economic Development: A Dialectical Analysis

20世纪的拉美经济发展并非是一部失败的历史,而是有成有败、有喜有悲。如经济增长绩效比较突出,经济结构有所改善,技术和知识得到了积累,人文发展指数也有很大的进步。但是,拉美至今仍然是世界上贫富两极分化最严重的地区,对外经济依附也没有减轻,其原因固然与技术进步相对缓慢、资本积累不足、宏观经济管理水平不高等因素有关,但最重要的问题是发展模式转换的延误,最根本的原因在于传统体制变革的不彻底。

Latin American economic development in the twentieth century was not a total failure, but marked by both successes and failures, achievements and losses. The achievements include significant growth in output and productivity, improved economic structures, accumulation of technical skills and knowledge, and an advanced human development index. However, Latin America still has the largest disparity between the rich and the poor and there remains a high dependency on foreign economies. Although such difficulties are caused by the relatively slow technological progress, inadequate capital accumulation, and unsatisfactory macroeconomic administration, the most important reason is the delayed transition of the development model and the most fundamental reason is the incomplete reform of its traditional institutions.