乙基叔丁基醚合成催化剂的研究进展

Advances in synthetic catalysts for ethyl tert-butyl ether

综述了国内外合成乙基叔丁基醚(ETBE)的催化剂研究现状,介绍了ETBE在不同催化剂上合成的反应机理。比较了阳离子交换树脂、分子筛、固体超强酸和杂多酸等不同催化剂的催化活性、选择性、稳定性等特点;讨论了采用催化精馏法合成ETBE时催化剂的各种装填技术。指出今后的研究方向是采用引入拉电子基团的方法改善树脂催化剂的热稳定性和选择性,通过离子交换等调节酸性的方法进一步提高分子筛催化剂的催化活性;同时应加强对固体超强酸和杂多酸催化剂的基础研究。

The research status on the synthetic catalysts of ethyl tea-butyl ether （ETBE） at home and overseas is reviewed, and the reaction mechanisms for producing ETBE on the surfaces of different catalysts are analyzed. Catalytic activity, selectivity and stability of cation exchange resin, molecular sieve, solid super acids and heteropolyacids are compared. Preparation technologies for catalyst packing for synthesis of ETBE by catalytic distillation are discussed. It is point out that the thermo-stability and selectivity for cation exchange resin catalysts should be improved by adding the acceptor electronic groups such as halogen, nitro-group, acetyl and metal ion; the catalytic activity can be increased for molecular sieve catalysts by adjusting acidity using the ion exchange method;the fundamental research on solid super acids and heteropolyacids also should be strengthened to establish the base for the industrial production of ETBE.