摘要
表皮中的角质形成细胞通过桥粒和细胞间物质紧密地结合在一起，所形成的屏障具有高度的抗张力性和稳定性（图1）。表皮底层细胞间的粘附更加可塑，通过形成间隙及新的结合，以适应表皮生长。基底膜区位于表皮下方，是粘附细胞和细胞外基质的特化区域。一些特化的结构穿过基底膜将表皮锚定在真皮上，这些结构（基质）包括多糖和蛋白质（包括胶原纤维），它们相互联系构成大分子（粘附复合体）。
The keratinocytes of the epidermis are tightly bound together by desmosomes and intercellular substances to form a barrier of high tensile strength and stability（Figure 1 ）. In the deeper layers of the epidermis, these cell -cell attachments are more flexible, and breaks and new attachments occur to accommodate growth. Beneath the epidermis lies the basement membrane zone, a specialized area of cellextracellular matrix adhesion. Specialized structures traversing this zone anchor the epidermis to the dermis; these structures（the‘matrix＇） comprise polysaccharides and proteins（including collagens） linked to form macromolecules（the adhesion complex）. If any of these specialized attachments are malformed, absent or damaged, cell- cell or cell- matrix adhesion is impaired. Separation may then occur,leading to accumulation of fluid in the extracellular space and blister formation. The basement membrane zone is particularly vulnerable to damage or mal- function and is a common site of blister formation.
