应用图式理论,弥合听力理解中的信息差

Bridging Information Gap in Listening Comprehension with Reference to Schema Theory

言语信息差是一种不可避免的客观存在,听力理解过程中更易产生信息差.本文首先对听力理解中容易产生信息差的原因进行分析,继而提出了解决方案.方案的理论依据有二:其一为概念驱动工作机制的策略优势,其二是图式理论对概念驱动工作机制的诠释.在方案的应用模式部分探讨了在听力教学中如何运用图式理论有意识地强化概念驱动工作机制,籍以最大限度地消除信息差,提高听力理解的准确性和效率.

Information gap is an unavoidable existence in communication, and it is even much easier to occur in listening comprehension. This paper firstly analyzes the causes of information gap in listening comprehension, and then offers a solution for reference. There are two theoretical bases for the solution： one is the strategic advantages of ＂ concept-driven processing＂ ; the other is the interpretation of ＂ concept-driven processing＂ from the perspective of ＂ Schema Theory＂. The application model of the solution illustrates how to consciously reinforce the mechanism of ＂ concept-driven processing＂ in the teaching of listening comprehension with reference to ＂Schema Theory＂, and such a reinforcement is aimed at bridging the information gap so as to improve the accuracy and efficiency of listening comprehension.