晚明时期走私贸易对社会经济发展的危害——以广州府为例

The Harm to the Social Economic Development by Smuggled Trade in the Late Ming Dynasty

晚明时期的广州是中国最主要的海外贸易港口,同时也是走私贸易最猖獗地区之一。广州府的走私贸易大量侵吞国家关税收入,摧残守法商人的正当贸易,引起广州物价的异常波动,损害人民群众利益,侵蚀社会风气,加剧官场腐败,激化社会矛盾。晚明时期走私贸易给广州地区社会发展带来严重危害。由于,当时广州官绅大多与走私贸易有着共同利益关系,所以,尽管曾经有颜俊彦这样的个别中下级官员的努力缉私,却是无法从根本上制止广州地区的走私活动。

During the late Ming Dynasty,Guangzhou was one of the key ports for foreign trade,but also one of the areas where smuggled trade ran rampant.The smuggled trade in Guangzhou prefecture misappropriated great amount of the national lawful customs duties;ruined the legal trade of honest businessmen;caused the unusual wavering of prices;damaged the benefit of the masses of people;corrupted social morality;speeded up the corruption in official circles;sharpened social conflicts.All in all smuggled trade did great harm to the social development of Guangzhou prefecture.Because many government officials and local gentlemen in Guangzhou benefited from smuggled trade,it was impossible to stop smuggled trade instead of the efforts made by a few lower-middle officials like Yan Jun-yan.