突发公共卫生事件下医护人员心理评价系统调查

Investigation on evaluation system of the medical staff under sudden public health accident

目的:考察各类医护人员对突发公共卫生事件的初级评价和二级评价状况。方法:采用自编的心理问题调查表对某综合医院内医护人员的心理状况进行调查。结果:突发公共卫生事件下,不同工作性质的医护人员群体对突发公共卫生事件的初级评价部分有差异,二级评价有显著性差异。进修人员群体评估危险度最高,更多会采取无效或消极的应对措施。而SARS病房群体虽然初级评价危险较高,但二级评价无效或消极的最少,合理应对最高。已婚和未婚、有子女和无子女的医护人员对突发公共卫生事件的初级评价有显著性差异。较之未婚和无子女群体,已婚群体和有子女群体倾向高估突发公共卫生事件的危害。结论:突发公共卫生事件下,家在外地,处境特殊,身份游离,个体的应对资源和心理储备不足的群体,容易产生有破坏性或不愉快体验的应激。而事前知情,心理准备充分,相关知识培训系统,预防措施完备的群体,即使有一定程度的应激,也是正性和积极的。已婚群体和有子女群体的医护人员,可能有更多的家庭责任、义务和牵挂,他们在突发公共卫生事件下容易产生负性应激。

Objective：To investigate medical staff＇first and second evaluation systems to the sudden public health accident. Methods：We used the self-made questionnaire to investigate 138 health-care workers＇ psychological conditions in a general hospital. Results：Under the sudden public health accident, health-care workers with different work kind have different basic recognition evaluation. Compared with the unmarried people, the married ones tend to overestimate the risk of the sudden public health accident. On replying methods, workers in this hospital have more rational and effective measures, while most people from other hospitals will take the extreme replying measures, and even give up working and studying in this hospital; The married community, people living with their family tend to take more active protective measures. Conclusion： Faced with sudden public health accident, all kinds of medical workers should be intervened personaly in their perception, and be made understand the danger in the right way and reply to it rationally ; also humane care should be advocated, especially meeting different people＇ s psychological needs in different conditions personaly to decrease their psychological stress.