从吉林省安图县案例看人类对全球变化适应的行为心理学研究

RESEARCH ON HUMAN ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR TO GLOBAL CHANGE IN THE VIEW OF BEHAVIORISTIC PSYCHOLOGY INDICATED FROM THE CASE STUDY OF ANTU COUNTY, JILIN PROVINCE

应用行为心理学理论和方法,从气候变暖的环境“刺激”到农业种植行为改变的“反应(响应行为)”的全部适应行为过程,涉及刺激、认知、辨识、选择、反馈等环节,需要解决的关键科学问题包括:①人类如何感知和辨识全球变暖及其影响;②哪些因素怎样影响人类适应行为的发生;③人类适应行为的评价与反馈机制。对安图县实例的分析可以看出,一方面很好地验证了该研究思路;另一方面却也反映出,此类研究需要建立在一系列对典型区域进行个案取证调查的实证研究基础上。

Adaptation is the wise choice for human to respond to global change. Facing to the same environmental impact, some adapt successfully, some reverse. The reason is that different groups and decision-makers have different views, judgments and decision-makings to the same environmental change around them. No doubts it is necessary to apply theories and methods of humanities and social science to concern about the reactions and behavior changes. Behavioristic Psychology is suitable for the social issues research like human adaptation to global change. Take human adaptive behavior in crop planting to climate warming as an example, climate warming is environmental“stimulus” （S） and human＇s behavior change in crop planting is the “ response” （R） according to the theory of Behavioristic Psychology. From S to R or in the view of Behavioristic Psychology, the following key problems must be concerned. （1） The procedure that human form their cognition and discrimination of climate change. （2） The main factors that influence human＇s adaptive behavior to climate.（3） The procedure and feedback of human adaptive behavior to climate change. Take Antu County as a case study, it is indicated that the research model of applying Behavioristic Psychology is good and feasible. This kind of case study also needs more empirical supports from field investigation and interviewing work.