龚自珍自我观与主体性哲学的开端

Gong Zizhen’s View of the Self and the Beginning of Subjective Philosophy in Modern China

龚自珍对自我的理解有三个层面:一是在本体论意义上的自我,具有实体化的意味;二是在社会学意义上的自我,具有个体感性欲求的特征,体现实体化主体建构的现实向度;三是在伦理学意义上的自我,具有豪杰人格的形式,构成实体化主体建构的理想指向。他的自我观在近现代哲学史上具有反对理学和张扬主体性哲学的历史功效。

Gong Zizhen understood the self in terms of ontology, sociology and ethnics. Firstly, the self in the vision of ontology has the meaning of substantiation. Secondly, the self in the vision of sociology is the subject with all kinds of desires. This viewpoint becomes a realistic dimension in building substantiated subject. Thirdly, the self in the vision of ethics appears in the form of heroic personality. This viewpoint becomes an ideal dimension in building substantiated subject. His view on the self has the function of fighting against Neo-Confucianism and developing subiective philosophy in modern China.