中国天然气资源开发与利用

DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION OF NATURAL GAS RESOURCE IN CHINA

由于天然气在中国能源结构中所占比例较小,全国原煤生产和能源消费总量的快速增长掩盖了中国天然气生产和消费的快速增长。西气东输工程的实施全面推进了塔里木盆地气田开发,促进了我国东部和长江三角洲地区天然气市场发育;鄂尔多斯、四川、柴达木外输天然气管道的相继建成,也大力促进了上述盆地的天然气开发和利用。中国东部沿海LNG项目和管道联络线的全面启动,为安全供气提供了保证。文章指出了中国天然气快速发展面临的主要困难,并提出天然气定价机制亟待完善;天然气定价必须遵循区域化和市场化原则;天然气利用必须整体规划,协调发展;引入下游市场竞争机制,增加天然气直供比例;制定扶持政策,鼓励资源引进等对策。

It hides the rapid increase of gas production and consumption that the amount of the coal production and the energy consumption increases rapidly because natural gas accounts for small percentage in the energy structure of China. The full implement of 'West-East Gas Transmission' project accelerates the development of gas fields in Talimu basin and promotes the growing of gas markets in the east China and the Yangtze River delta areas. It also promotes the gas development and utilization in the basins of E'erduosi, Sichuan and Chaidamu as the gas exportation pipelines are completed in the basins early or late. The all-sided startup of LNG projects and tie pipelines provide the guarantee of safe gas delivering in the coast areas of east China. It is pointed out the main problem and countermeasure faced by rapid gas development in China is to improve the gas pricing system as soon as possible. The gas pricing must follow the region/market-oriented principle. The gas utilization must be based on the whole programming and harmonious development. The competition system of downstream market should be introduced. The proportion of direct gas supply should be increased. The preferential policy should be made and the resource importation should be encouraged.